NBFC Registration

Overview

NBFC Registration is mandatory for entities engaged in financial activities such as lending, investment, asset financing, leasing, and other non-banking financial services. NBFC stands for Non-Banking Financial Company, and such entities are regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) under the RBI Act, 1934.

NBFCs play a critical role in India’s financial ecosystem by providing credit and financial services where traditional banks may not reach. However, due to the sensitive nature of financial operations, RBI strictly regulates NBFCs. At Adviso Compliance, we provide end-to-end NBFC registration services with expert guidance, RBI-compliant documentation, and smooth approval handling.

What is an NBFC?

A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 2013, engaged in financial activities such as:

  • Loans and advances

  • Acquisition of shares, stocks, bonds, debentures

  • Leasing and hire-purchase

  • Investment and asset financing

NBFCs cannot accept demand deposits like banks but can provide various financial services subject to RBI regulations.


Who Needs NBFC Registration?

NBFC registration is required for businesses involved in:

  • Lending and loan services

  • Investment and financing companies

  • Asset finance companies

  • Microfinance institutions

  • Housing finance activities (subject to classification)

  • Fintech companies offering financial products

  • Credit and NBFC-based platforms

Any company carrying out financial activity as its principal business must obtain RBI registration.


Why NBFC Registration is Important

NBFC registration is crucial because it:

  • Is legally mandatory for financial operations

  • Provides RBI recognition and credibility

  • Builds trust among customers and investors

  • Enables lawful lending and investment activities

  • Prevents penalties and regulatory action

  • Supports long-term business sustainability

Operating as an NBFC without RBI approval is a serious offence.


Types of NBFCs

NBFCs are classified by RBI based on activity and size:

Asset Finance Company (AFC)

Finances physical assets such as machinery, vehicles, and equipment.

Investment Company (IC)

Engages in acquisition of securities and investments.

Loan Company (LC)

Provides loans and advances not related to asset financing.

Microfinance Institution (NBFC-MFI)

Provides micro-loans to low-income groups.

NBFC-ICC

Investment and credit company combining lending and investment.

Each category has specific compliance requirements.


Eligibility Criteria for NBFC Registration

To register as an NBFC, the applicant must:

  • Be a company registered under Companies Act, 2013

  • Have minimum Net Owned Fund (NOF) of ₹2 crore

  • Have a sound financial structure

  • Follow fair practice and governance norms

  • Appoint qualified directors and management

RBI carefully evaluates eligibility before granting approval.


Documents Required for NBFC Registration

NBFC registration requires detailed documentation, including:

  • Certificate of incorporation

  • Memorandum & Articles of Association

  • Net owned fund certificate

  • Audited financial statements

  • Directors’ KYC documents

  • Business plan and financial projections

  • Banker’s report

  • Board resolutions

  • Credit policy and risk framework

Our experts ensure RBI-compliant documentation.


NBFC Registration Process

At Adviso Compliance, we follow a structured RBI-aligned process:

Step 1: Eligibility & Feasibility Assessment

We assess NOF, business model, and RBI eligibility.

Step 2: Company Structuring

We assist with company incorporation or restructuring if required.

Step 3: Documentation Preparation

All RBI-mandated documents and policies are prepared.

Step 4: Online Application Filing

Application is filed on the RBI COSMOS portal.

Step 5: RBI Scrutiny & Clarifications

RBI reviews application and may seek clarifications.

Step 6: RBI Certificate of Registration (CoR)

Upon approval, RBI issues NBFC registration certificate.


Timeline for NBFC Registration

NBFC registration generally takes 3 to 6 months, depending on:

  • RBI scrutiny

  • Quality of documentation

  • Clarifications and responses

We ensure proactive follow-ups to avoid delays.


Post-Registration Compliance for NBFCs

After registration, NBFCs must comply with:

  • RBI reporting and returns

  • Fair practices code

  • KYC and AML guidelines

  • Statutory audits

  • Minimum capital maintenance

  • Periodic inspections

Ongoing compliance is critical for NBFC operations.


Common Mistakes in NBFC Registration

Applications often get delayed due to:

  • Inadequate NOF

  • Weak business plan

  • Poor documentation

  • Unqualified directors

  • Non-compliance with RBI norms

With Adviso Compliance, these risks are minimized.


Penalties for Operating Without NBFC Registration

Operating without RBI approval may result in:

  • Heavy monetary penalties

  • Criminal proceedings

  • Forced shutdown of operations

  • Freezing of bank accounts

Proper registration is essential before starting operations.


Why Choose Adviso Compliance for NBFC Registration?

  • Experienced RBI compliance professionals

  • End-to-end NBFC advisory

  • RBI-compliant documentation

  • Regular follow-ups with RBI

  • Transparent pricing

  • PAN-India service support

We also assist with post-registration RBI compliance.

FAQs – NBFC Registration

Yes, lending as a principal business requires RBI registration.

Minimum Net Owned Fund required is ₹2 crore.

Typically 3–6 months, depending on RBI review.

Yes, if eligibility criteria and capital requirements are met.

No, but regular compliance and reporting are mandatory.